Extra Education

 Why do volcanoes erupt? A volcano erupts due to the degassing of magma.    Magma is a thick mass of molten rock with gases and water vapor. It accumulates in what are called magma pockets, which form as a result of the movement of lithospheric plates. They are most likely to be located along the collision line of the plates.    If liquid magma erupts to the Earth's surface, a volcanic eruption begins. Frequently, a volcanic eruption is accompanied by powerful explosions; these are caused by the degassing of magma and the explosion of combustible gases.

Why is a rainbow shaped like an arc? A rainbow is an optical phenomenon, the result of the light rays refracting in water droplets when it rains.   Not everyone is aware that a rainbow is a circle. Its center lies on a straight line that runs from the Sun through the observer. Seeing the optical phenomenon completely to a person standing on the ground is prevented by the horizon.

 Why are newspaper articles written in columns? Weekly newspapers first appeared in Europe in 1650, at that time they cost an indescribably large amount of money, so publishers wanted to justify the cost of the publication and to contain as much information as possible.   In printing, the font used to be exceedingly small so that it was easy to read, with text printed in columns.

 Why is it better to breathe through the nose in the cold? The nasal cavity exhibits a unique ability to raise or lower the temperature of inhaled air. When it is -25 C outside, the air in a person's nasal cavity heats up to +35... +36,6 С. As opposed to the oral cavity, the nasal one heats the air much more effectively. It is like a built-in split system that ensures normal functioning of the lower respiratory tract.

Why are there lines on the palm? The palm folds, serve to clench and unclench the fist, grasp and hold various objects in the hand.   Also, these lines are necessary so that the skin on the hands is not stretched, but elastic and you can perform any movements.

Why are horses' legs not tired when they sleep standing up? The unique bone and ligament system of the horse's legs can support its weight without the slightest muscle strain. Therefore, no energy has to be expended by the horse during sleep. It can be said that their knee is equipped with a special mechanism that secures the joints in a stationary postion. ----- Last Updated : Nov 23, 2021

Why don't ducks get wet or freeze in winter? A duck applies and distributes a special fatty grease, which is secreted by the coccygeal, all over its body. It keeps them dry. As for the extra warm fur and subcutaneous fat, it keeps the cold from penetrating the duck's body. That's why ducks are warm in any frost and can take off even after long " water procedures" as their feathers stay dry. ------ Last Updated: Nov 23, 2021

Why a person can't sleep standing up? The human body tends to be far too flexible to sleep standing up. As we sleep, some brain functions literally shut down. Constant work of the muscles, muscle receptors and vestibular apparatus during sleep is impossible.   Therefore, a person who falls asleep standing up will immediately fall down.

Q. Why does chocolate turn white? Many people are wary of this white coating that resembles mold. But it's not mold and it won't harm your health. If not stored properly, the oil in the cocoa bean protrues onto the surface of the chocolate product and turns a whitish color. This could be proof that the chocolate really does contain cocoa beans and not their substitues. ------ Last Updated : Nov 23, 2021

Q. Why do men and women dream differently? Sleep is a complex mental process , a reflection of thoughts, desires in certain pictures, which regulate the subconscious. As men's and women's psyches vary, dreams are also different. Men's dream tend to have more aggressive content and are full of physical activity, while women's dream contain more conversation and emotion. ------ Last Updated : Nov 18, 2021

Q. Why can't we detect our own body odor? There are areas of the cerebral cortex responsible for recognizing odors . Information is carried to it by nerves from receptors. Since our body continuously emits scents, the receptors quickly become accustomed to them. As a result of this malfunction, the nervous system ignores the information it receives. But once the smell changes, the nerve endings send a signal to the brain and we perceive a new scent. ------ Last Updated : Nov 18, 2021

Why are there more right-handers than left-handers? The motor functions of the right side of the body are controlled by the left hemisphere of the brain, which is responsible for logic and consistency of thought. Namely these qualities were the guarantee of survival in ancient times. In general, the most intelligent and rational people with dominating left hemisphere continued to live. And they also enshrined in human DNA a code: left hemisphere is prevailing, right hand is leading. ----- Last Updated: Nov 16, 2021

Why don't insects die after falling from a great height? If we compare the weight of an ant and a human, the difference is several thousand times. As an example, the free-fall speed of a human is about 50 m/s. And the fall speed of an insect is around 1 m/s. The lower the fall speed, the less damage will be caused. Also, many insects have wings. ----- Last Updated : Nov 16, 2021

Why is it easier to swim in salt water than in fresh one? Salt is what makes water heavier. And the greater the density (weight) of water, the easier it is to float in. An object can float in a liquid if its weight is equal to the weight of the water it pushes out (the water is displaced to give room to the object). You can also look at it from another angle: if you sit in a tub of water, the water level in it rises. If you drain the water that your body has displaced, the weight of it will be equal to the weight of your body. ------ Last Updated : Nov 16, 2021

Why is there 12 months in a year? Cause there are 12 months in the year. People used to count time using recurring natural phenomena. A year is the time from one  flood to the other. Conversely, a month is the period from new moon to new moon, which is about 29.5 solar days. About 12 such intervals fit into a year, so 12 months were counted annually. ----- Last Updated : Nov 16, 2021

Why are cats afraid of water? Pets are descendants of the wild Nubian cat, which inhibits Northeast Africa, where there are no large bodies of water. Water is an unfamiliar and potentially dangerous environment for domestic cats; they cannot swim and instinctively avoid getting into water. ------ Last Updated : 16 Nov 2021

Q. Why shouldn't people throw batteries away? Once battery, no matter how big or small, which ends up in the environment contaminates about 20 square meters of land or 400 liters of water with heavy metals! Not only the flora and fauna of our planet, but also human beings suffer from such pollution. Not only the flora and fauna of our planet, but also human suffers from such pollution. Therefore, don't expose yourself to danger and recycle batteries! ------ Last Updated: 15 Nov, 2021

Why does food seem disgusting after brushing teeth? Sodium lauryl sulfate is a foaming agent that is added to almost all toothpaste. It weakens the taste buds responsible for perceiving sweet flavor. The foaming agent also destroys phospholipids, which normally reduce the sensation of bitterness. ------ Last Updated: 15 Nov, 2021

Why don't wolves perform in circuses? Wolves only feel comfortable and safe when they are in a pack. A wolf pack is a highly socialized group, where each animal has its own social role . A solitary animal does not survive in the wild, it is chased out of all places, so the wolf's life depends on the pack. And it is impossible to train a pack of wolves in a circus. ----- Last Updated : Nov 08, 2021

Why don't your eyes freeze in winter? Our body has a unique thermoregularity system . When the ambient temperature drops, the blood flow to the eyeballs increase , bringing them additional heat, which prevents them from turning into ice. The fluid that moisturizes the eyes contains salts. The salt water keeps your eyes from freezing even in extremely keeps your eyes from freezing even in extremely cold temperatures. ----- Last Updated : Nov 08, 2021